POTASSIUM CYANIDE
Potassium cyanide
CAS: 151-50-8
Molecular Formula: CKN
POTASSIUM CYANIDE - Names and Identifiers
POTASSIUM CYANIDE - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | CKN |
| Molar Mass | 65.12 |
| Density | 1.00g/mLat 20°C |
| Melting Point | 634 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 1625 °C |
| Flash Point | 1625°C |
| Water Solubility | Highly soluble in water. Soluble in methanol, glycerol, and formamide. Slightly soluble in ethanol. |
| Solubility | H2O: 1M at20°C, clear, colorless |
| Vapor Presure | 1.8hPa at 634.5℃ |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Specific Gravity | 1.52 |
| Color | White |
| Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA (measured as CN) skin 5 mg CN/m3 (ACGIH and OSHA); 5 mg CN/m3/ 10 min ceiling (NIOSH). |
| Merck | 14,7626 |
| BRN | 4652394 |
| pKa | 9.36[at 20 ℃] |
| PH | 11-12 (20g/l, H2O, 20°C) |
| Storage Condition | Poison room |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with a variety of materials, including acids, iodine, peroxides, permanganates, alkaloids, chloral hydrate, metallic salts. Light and moisture sensitive. Contact with acid generat |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | White equiaxed crystal system blocks or powders. Deliquescence. Soluble in water, ethanol, glycerol-soluble, methanol and liquid ammonia. |
POTASSIUM CYANIDE - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R26/27/28 - Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R32 - Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Safety Description | S7 - Keep container tightly closed. S28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. S29 - Do not empty into drains. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. |
| UN IDs | UN 1680 6.1/PG 1 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | TS8750000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-8-10-23 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 2837 19 00 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | I |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 10 mg/kg (Hayes) |
POTASSIUM CYANIDE - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
white particles, powder or molten mass. Deliquescence. Soluble in water, ethanol, glycerol, methanol-soluble, sodium hydroxide solution. Dissolve in 2 parts of cold water, 1 part of boiling water, 1 00 parts of ethanol, 25 parts of methanol. Its aqueous solution is alkaline and rapidly decomposes. In the air or moisture absorption gradually decomposed. Cannot burn. Exposure to high heat or contact with acid can produce highly toxic cyanide gas. With nitrate, nitrite, chlorate reaction, there is a risk of explosion.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
POTASSIUM CYANIDE - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
Industrial potassium cyanide was dissolved in water, calcium hydroxide was added, impurities were removed, filtration, and hydrogen sulfide was added to remove heavy metals. Filtration, vacuum distillation, cooling, Suction filtration, drying to obtain pure potassium cyanide.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:26:32
POTASSIUM CYANIDE - Use
Open Data Verified Data
analysis reagent, determination of copper, nickel, zinc, cadmium and so on. Used as a mask, photographic fixative, pesticides and used to extract gold, silver and other precious metals.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:26:32
POTASSIUM CYANIDE - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
rat oral LD50: 10 mg/kg. Inhalation or oral can cause poisoning. Can inhibit the respiration of alcohol, high dose exposure caused sudden death. Staff should be protected. Do not mix with acids for storage and transportation. It should be stored separately from edible chemical raw materials, flammable materials and combustible materials.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:26:33
POTASSIUM CYANIDE - Reference Information
| LogP | -0.252 at 20℃ |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | dissolved grams per 100ml of water: 50g/20 ℃ |
| Toxicity | Toxicity is similar to the effect of cyanic acid. Chronic poisoning may cause headache, weight loss, sexual function and libido disorders. There are autonomic neurasthenia syndrome, anemia, leukopenia, kidney and heart damage, gonadal and hypothyroidism, hearing and visual and nervous system disorders, until paralysis. Skin contact will cause itching, subacute or chronic dampness, and sometimes deep ulcers in the fingers and slow healing. The maximum allowable concentration is 0.3 mg/m3 and the lethal dose is 0.12g. For emergency treatment, see Hydrogen Cyanide Products. When poisoning is caused by swallowing dust, wash the stomach with 3% hydrogen peroxide or 0.2% potassium permanganate. Give a tablespoon of ferrous sulfate and calcined magnesium oxygen emulsion every 15 min. The potassium cyanide solution falls on the skin, rinses with plenty of water, and then wraps a wet bandage with boric acid or boron oil. See hydrogen cyanide products when there is a danger of producing hydrogen cyanide at work. To protect the skin, use nylon and fluorocopolymer latex gloves. Strictly abide by personal hygiene rules and prohibit eating and smoking in the workplace; Soaking clothes in 2% soda solution containing 2% ferrous sulfate for 2 hours can make clothes harmless; Before work, apply 20 parts of ammonia water, 100 parts of glycerin, 50 parts of alcohol (96%),5 parts of boric acid and 25 parts of water to the skin of hands. After work, wash hands with 0.2% potassium permanganate or 2% hydrogen peroxide solution. |
| use | used to extract gold and silver from ore, metal electroplating, heat treatment of steel, insecticide, fumigant, printing and dyeing auxiliaries, medicine, photography, hydrogen cyanide production, papermaking, etc. used to extract gold and silver from ore flotation, electroplating, heat treatment of steel. It is also used in the manufacture of analytical chemical reagents and organic nitrile products and pharmaceuticals. It is also used for photography, production of acrylonitrile and plexiglass, etching and lithography, and as a lemon mold remover. Used as analytical reagent, masking agent, insecticide and photographic fixer |
| production method | absorption method absorbs the hydrocyanic acid gas generated by the reaction of sodium cyanide and sulfuric acid with a certain concentration of potassium hydroxide solution to generate potassium cyanide, and then sends the solution to the evaporator, carries out vacuum evaporation at 50~60 ℃ to a supersaturated state, then crystallizes in a crystallizer, and after centrifugal separation, potassium cyanide with a content of about 92% can be obtained, further drying and dehydration at about 200 ℃ to produce potassium cyanide finished products. The separated mother liquor is returned to the neutralization reactor. Its 2NaCN + H2SO4 → 2HCN + Na2SO4HCN + KOH → KCN + H2O |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | oral administration-rat LD50: 5 mg/kg; Abdominal cavity-mouse LD50: 8.5 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-combustible substances; toxic and flammable hydrogen cyanide gas is released when exposed to acid; toxic cyanide and potassium oxide fumes are produced when heated |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying; Store separately from alkalis, acids and food additives |
| occupational standard | TLA-TWA 5 mg (cyanide)/m3; STEL 10 mg (cyanide)/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-threatening and health concentration | 25 mg/m3(as CN) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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POTASSIUM CYANIDE
HEXAHYDROCUMIC ACID
decyl 2-aminobenzoate
Carbamic acid, [2-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-5-ylthio)ethyl]-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester (9CI)
3-PHENOXYPROPIONIC ACID
水杨酸愈创木酚酯
Cobalt (Ii) Sulfamate
氨基胍
苯乙基氯化镁, 1.0 M SOLUTION IN THF, SPCSEAL
1-ADAMANTANECARBONYL CHLORIDE
HEXAHYDROCUMIC ACID
decyl 2-aminobenzoate
Carbamic acid, [2-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-5-ylthio)ethyl]-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester (9CI)
3-PHENOXYPROPIONIC ACID
水杨酸愈创木酚酯
Cobalt (Ii) Sulfamate
氨基胍
苯乙基氯化镁, 1.0 M SOLUTION IN THF, SPCSEAL
1-ADAMANTANECARBONYL CHLORIDE